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BELICE Geography Location: Belize lies on the eastern coastline of Central America, bordered on the north by Mexico, on the west and south by Guatemala, and on the east by the Caribbean Sea. It is separated by sea and land from its neighbor to the southwest, Honduras. (Map of Belize ) Coordinates: 17 15 N, 88 45 W Size: Approximately 23,000 km². Belize's mainland is approximately 288 km long and up to 109 km wide. Belize also consists of over 200 cayes (islands), ranging in size from a few hundred metres to 240 km long and 6 km wide; most of these are located inside the 320 km long Barrier Reef of Belize. Coastline: 386 km Land Boundaries: total 516 km Area Comparative: Slightly smaller than Massachusetts, USA; slightly bigger than El Salvador; twice the size of Jamaica. Elevation Extremes: Lowest point – Caribbean Sea 0 m Population: The estimated population of Belize (July 2004 est.) is 272,945. The various races are comprised as follows: Mestizo 48.7%, Creole 24.9%, Maya 10.6%, Garifuna 6.1%, other. Recent studies have the number at 300,001. Census. 9,000,000 broilers 175,000 layers, breeders Geographical distribution of poultry
Commercial Table Egg producing Districts Productions System: Backyard 5.5% per annum Industry 94.5% per annum Poultry percentage Backyard: 20 Industry: 6,000 pr 6 week cycle Biosecurity conditions. The Mennonites dominate the commercial poultry industry and basically live and work on their farms. Barns, feedmills or processing plants do not meet the required or specified distances for biosecurity purposes. Other feasible aspects are being worked on such as perimeter fence, cleaning and disinfection. Most of these installations have been in place for over 30 years therefore the measures will be applied in full only to new ones. The level of compliance with the biosecurity measures (form) is the criteria to be implemented to determine whether compensation is warranted and in what amount. Animal Movements, Within each community the processing plants are located relatively central whereby birds are transported from basically all directions to the respective plants. All major plants have distribution outlets in the towns/cities and these in turn supply the villages. Also live birds are purchased from these plants Slaughterhouse: Little Belize, Corozal District 1(annual slaughtering 12% or 1,080,000 figures?) Shipyard, Orange Walk District 2, 36% or 3,240,000 Blue Creek, Orange Walk District 1, 36% or 3,240,000 Spanish Lookout, Cayo District 2, 53 % or 4, 770,000 Restocking of poultry, Broiler breeders, day old chicks and hatching eggs are all imported from the USA. Transport Systems. Trucks with crates that are cleaned and disinfected after each trip (harvesting) from the barn (s). Use of vaccines in poultry activities:
Notes: The Hatchery sells Intervet Fowlpox-AE vaccine which recommend use in layers at 20 weeks and in broiler breeders at 54 weeks.. The feed mill sells other vaccines – presently in stock are Intervet vaccines: NC_IB (B1 type, B1 strain, Mass and Conn. Types, live virus). Also Clonevac D-78, live virus, for bursal disease. In layers vaccinate for NCD/IB at 4 days,, 4 weeks and 4 months and for fowl pox at 12 weeks.
Nacional Legislations Relevant veterinary legislation in relation to Poultry Diseases. 1. The Belize Agricultural Health Authority (BAHA www.baha.bz ) has well qualified and trained personnel to comply with its mandate, to meet its national and international obligations. There is enabling legislation to ensure legislative authority and also to ensure compliance. See (BAHA Act) Chapter 211 of the Substantive Laws of Belize, Revised Edition 2000 2. Poultry Disease REGULATIONS Chapter 129 3. Food and Drugs Act.Ch 219 Laws of Belize 4. Belize Agricultural Health Authority (Veterinary drugs and animal feed) (Registration and control), No. 184 of 2001. 5. Control of production, processing and storage of meat, fish, dairy products and other products of animal origin for national consumptio These are found under the Food and Drugs Act and the standards Act, S.I.4 of 1992. 6. Inspection of imports and exports Imports (Animals) - Animals (Diseases and Importation Ordinance Ch. 167 Animal Products - Food and Drug Act and standards Act, S.I. 4 of 1992 Prevention Control and/or eradication programs, It is described in detail in the electronic from of the Emergency preparedness manual sent electronically to FAO San Salvador. HPAI diagnosis resources. One laboratory with two animal health technicians and a trained Food Safety technician. The only test done is AGID. All technicians are trained in HPAI diagnosis. Main diseases affecting poultry in the country. Infectious Bronchitis controlled by vaccination, Gumboro controlled by vaccination, Coccididiosis controlled with medication and medicated feed, E coli. Controlled with antibiotics, Parasitism controlled with dewormer and management practices. Veterinary Services resources Producers and public at large sensitized on Avian Influenza with assistance from BPA, MAF, OIRSA , USDA and IICA. Country plan for Avian Influenza. Surveillance also carried out for Salmonella pullorum in broiler breeders. OIRSA/PREA presently doing work on Regional Directives for AI, NCD, ILT, Salmonella tifosis/pulorosis. Strategic Alliances BAHA (Belize Agricultural Health Authority)/MAF (Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries) obtaining finance for poultry Disease surveillance from the BPA(Belize Poultry Association). Additional assistance provided by foreign and International agencies (USDA, OIRSA, IICA, FAO). Results have been the financing of the ongoing surveillance (active and passive) for poultry diseases including laboratory submission of samples in country and to reference laboratory. Avian Surveillance manual and Emergency preparedness plans. Participation in workshops and meetings at the local and international level, including desk top simulation. Moving towards obtaining Free status recognition by other countries according to OIE guidelines. Focal Point National Association of poultry producers Bernhard Bergen Chairman Email: westernfeed@btl.net Orlando Habet Manager Email: belizepoultry@yahoo.com Belize Agricultural Health Authority (BAHA) Victor Góngora Director of Animal Health Email: bz.victor@gmail.com National Coordinator of Project Joe Myers Veterinary Officer Email: joe_my2003@yahoo.com
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